Ophthalmic community perception of new medication needs

AIM: To survey ophthalmologists (who have participated previously in clinical research) and ophthalmic industry professionals (who have been involved in ocular research and development) to indicate perceived needs for new pharmaceuticals in various ophthalmic subspecialties. METHODS: A prospective, industry-based survey was sent to ophthalmologists and ophthalmic industry professionals about the perceived needs for new pharmaceutical products. RESULTS: This survey was sent to 559 ophthalmic pharma professionals and ophthalmologists. We received 82 (15%) responses. The results showed that the most commonly perceived need for new pharmaceuticals were dry and wet age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic macular edema and dry eye. There was a statistical difference found between response groups (P<0.0001). Respondents indicated they would express their commitment to a new product they perceived as needed by recommending to colleagues (63%), prescribing (60%), participating as principle investigator in a related clinical trial (52%), advising the company (52%), lecturing on behalf of the product (43%), investing in the product (38%), taking no action (7%) or obtain a position in the company (1%). CONCLUSION: Ophthalmic pharma professionals and ophthalmologists perceive the greatest need for new medicines in ophthalmology to be in dry and wet age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma, diabetic macular edema and dry eye.     

新入职护士试用期前后职业期望与职业价值观的调查

目的了解新入职护士试用期前后职业期望与职业价值观的变化,为培养新护士形成积极的职业价值观提供依据。方法 2015年7-9月,便利抽样法选取第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院新入职护士119名为研究对象,试用期为3个月。在试用期前及后采用职业期望量表和护士职业价值观测评量表对其进行调查。结果新入职护士试用期前后职业期望总分分别为(77.50±12.36)、(85.18±14.53)分,职业价值观总分分别为(105.61±14.50)、(111.30±14.92)分,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.01)。结论新入职护士试用期前后总体职业期望、职业价值观认同度整体提高。护理管理者可根据影响新护士职业价值观的因素,针对性地开展临床实践培训策略,进一步提升新护士对职业价值的认同。     

一种新型脑棉片保存与清点袋的研制及应用于手术的效果评价

目的 探究了新型脑棉片保存与清点袋在神经外科手术的效果运用。方法 回顾和分析了我院2013年-2015年的神经外科手术60例,按随机数字表法分为实验组（30例）,对照组（30例）。实验组选用新型脑棉片保存与清点袋;对照组选用传统折叠式脑棉片保存包装。观察比较两组患者术中台面整理时间及脑棉片清点时间、手术台面污染情况及因清点不清暂停手术次数、估算术中出血量所用时间、脑棉片回收利用情况、护理人员工作满意度调查结果。结果 实验组在术中台面整理时间及脑棉片清点时间、手术台面污染情况及因清点不清暂停手术次数明显少于对照组。两组术中出血量平均估算值差别不大,但估算花费时间实验组少于对照组。在脑棉片回收利用情况中,脑棉片平均散落数、散落脑棉片平均变形数,实验组明显少于对照组,可消毒回收平均脑棉片数实验组大于对照组。实验组护理人员工作满意度明显优于对照组。结论 运用新型脑棉片保存与清点袋于神经外科手术中,可减少术中台面整理时间及脑棉片清点时间,改善手术台面污染情况,降低因清点不清暂停手术次数,便于估算出血量,在一定程度上提升了护理人员工作满意度,值得临床推广运用。     

血清脑钠肽水平与新生儿脓毒血症炎性因子及预后转归的关系

目的探讨新生儿脓毒血症的血清脑钠肽水平变化,并分析其与炎性因子C反应蛋白、白细胞介素10及肿瘤坏死因子α的关系。方法 2012年10月至2014年10月珠海市第二人民医院新生儿科收治住院的脓毒血症新生儿50例,采用Elias法检测脑钠肽、C反应蛋白、白细胞介素10及肿瘤坏死因子α水平,并观察患儿在治疗12、24、48h后水平变化,分析脓毒血症患儿血清脑钠肽与炎性因子C反应蛋白、白细胞介素10及肿瘤坏死因子α的关系,以脑钠肽≥150ng/L水平分两组进一步分析患儿预后情况。结果当脑钠肽≥150ng/L时患儿的APACHEⅡ评分为(21.36±2.68)分,死亡率达34.5%(10/29),均明显高于脑钠肽150ng/L患儿,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Spearman相关分析显示,血清脑钠肽与患儿C反应蛋白及肿瘤坏死因子α呈正相关(P0.01),而与白细胞介素10呈负相关(P0.01)。随着治疗时间的延长,在治疗48h后血清脑钠肽与炎性因子C反应蛋白及肿瘤坏死因子α水平明显降低,白细胞介素10水平升高,与治疗前及治疗12、24h比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论新生儿脓毒血症存在明显脑钠肽高水平,并与体内炎性因子水平及治疗时间均密切相关,提示患儿可能存在心功能不全并通过介导炎症反应促进疾病的发展。     

“Just another drug” for marginalized users: The risks of using synthetic cathinones among NSP clients in the Czech Republic

Background: In several EU countries, synthetic cathinone (SC) use has spread among injecting drug users (IDUs); it has been linked to risk of dependence and HIV/HCV transmission. Aims: To analyze the association between dependence and risky injecting practice with experimental and repeated SC use in the past 12 months among the clients of needle-syringe programs in the Czech Republic. Methods: IDUs in six locations in the Czech Republic were surveyed in 2013 and 2014 (n = 463). Single-predictor multinomial logit models were run to determine SC use upon the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS) and risky injecting practice; the same predictors were included in the multivariate model with confounders. Findings: SDS score and risky injecting practice were significantly associated with repeated SC use in single-predictor models but not in the multivariate model; SC experimentation was linked to young and male respondents and those who lived in a larger city (>50,000); predictors of repeated SC use were homelessness (AOR = 3.2), co-occurring use of stimulants and opioids (AOR = 4.3), and use of cannabis (AOR = 2.4) in the past month. Conclusions: Repeated SC use was associated with poly-drug use and homelessness; given the rather inferior status of SCs among IDUs, their users face a risk of stigmatization and further marginalization.     

微信支持下的自助培训模式对新入职护士职业获益感与职业认同感的影响

[目的]探讨微信支持下的自助培训模式对新入职护士职业获益感与职业认同感的影响。[方法]选取新入职护士70名为研究对象,接受微信支持下的自助培训模式,在此基础上授课老师在课堂上给予培训内容的具体指导,新入职护士在干预前、后(1个月)自评完成护士职业获益感与护士职业认同感问卷调查。[结果]干预后新入职护士的职业获益感总分和职业认同感总分分别为140.79分±7.51分和124.90分±9.47分,均优于干预前(130.76分±9.04分和116.24分±6.81分),经比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。职业获益感和职业认同感各维度得分较干预前也有所提升(P0.05)。[结论]微信支持下的自助培训模式能有效提升新入职护士的职业获益感与职业认同感。